Gender pay gap continues to favor men

TÜİK has released the 2022 Earnings Structure Statistics. Accordingly, the average monthly earnings per person were 12,450 TL. In this study, which used November 2022 as a reference, the total monthly paid working hours were 201.3. When the results are examined, the monthly paid working hours for men were 206.3, while for women, the monthly paid working hours were 191.0.

The average gross hourly wage-salary was 55.4 TL in total. While paid male employees received an average gross hourly wage-salary of 54.4 TL in 2022, paid female employees received an average gross hourly wage-salary of 57.4 TL in 2022.
The average monthly gross wage-salary per person in 2022 was 11,143 TL in total. While paid male employees received an average monthly gross wage-salary of 11,233 TL per person, women received an average monthly gross wage-salary of 10,961 TL.
The average monthly earnings per person were 12,450 TL in total. While the average monthly earnings per person for paid male employees were 12,487 TL, the average monthly earnings per person for women were 12,376 TL.

Average annual gross earnings were 144,390 TL

According to the results of the Earnings Structure Statistics, the average annual gross earnings in 2022 were 144,390 TL. This figure was 147,446 TL for men and 138,366 TL for women.
Those with higher education levels earned the highest income
It was observed that income levels increased in direct proportion to education level for both men and women. According to education level, those with higher education levels obtained the highest average annual gross earnings. At this education level, the average annual gross earnings were 207,112 TL for men and 171,568 TL for women.
While those with higher education levels obtained the highest average annual gross wage-salary, the gross wage-salary for men at this education level was 175,463 TL, and for women, it was 145,387 TL.
The highest earnings were in the financial and insurance activities sector
When the gross earnings of paid employees were examined by economic activity, the highest average annual gross earnings were in financial and insurance activities at 293,511 TL. This economic activity was followed by information and communication at 284,842 TL and arts, entertainment, recreation, and sports activities at 229,108 TL.

The lowest average annual gross earnings were in accommodation and food service activities at 99,290 TL, real estate activities at 102,109 TL, and the construction sector at 104,768 TL, respectively.
According to the economic activity classification, the average annual gross earnings of female employees were higher than those of male employees in the same sectors in transportation and storage activities at 213,810 TL, electricity, gas, steam, and air conditioning production and distribution activities at 206,633 TL, and real estate activities at 104,387 TL.
Skilled agricultural, forestry, and fishery workers earned the lowest income
It was observed that the highest average annual gross earnings were obtained by those in the managers occupational group at 276,507 TL. This occupational group was followed by professionals at 200,195 TL. The lowest average annual gross earnings occurred in the skilled agricultural, forestry, and fishery workers group at 94,849 TL.

The gender pay or earnings gap favored men across all education levels

The gender pay or earnings gap is defined as the percentage difference between men's and women's pay or earnings relative to men's pay or earnings. This gap indicator was calculated based on the average annual gross wage-salary and average annual gross earnings amounts in the Earnings Structure Statistics. Furthermore, this indicator can also be calculated based on hourly, monthly, or annual average wage-salary or earnings.
The gender pay or earnings gap favored men across all education levels. For the indicator calculated with average annual gross earnings, the highest gap was 19.6% among high school graduates, and the lowest gap was 14.5% among primary school and lower graduates. For the indicator calculated with average annual gross wage-salary, the highest gap was 17.1% among higher education graduates, and the lowest gap was 12.4%, again among primary school and lower graduates.

The gender pay or earnings gap favored men across all occupational groups

When considering average annual gross earnings, the highest gender gap occurred among craft and related trades workers at 22.8% and among technicians and associate professionals at 21.4%. The lowest gaps occurred among managers at 4.2% and service and sales workers at 6.1%.

When considering average annual gross wage-salary, the highest gender gap occurred among professionals at 21.1% and among technicians and associate professionals at 19.2%. The lowest gap occurred among managers at 4.4% and in the group of elementary occupations and service and sales workers at 6.8%.

News Source: 12punto