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1492 - Christopher Columbus discovered Cuba and claimed it for Spain.
1516 - The Ottoman Army, under the command of Grand Vizier Hadım Sinan Pasha, defeated the Mamluks near Gaza.
1538 - The Universidad Santo Tomás de Aquino, the first university of the New World, was founded.
1636 - Harvard, the first American university, was founded.
1848 - The first railway in Spain began service between Barcelona and Mataró.
1886 - The Statue of Liberty was erected in New York as a gift from the French.
1893 - The premiere of Tchaikovsky's Symphony No. 6, the "Pathétique," took place in Saint Petersburg, just nine days before the composer's death.
1908 - The Armenian newspaper Jamanak began publication in Istanbul.
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1995 - The world's deadliest subway accident occurred in Baku. 300 people, including 28 children, died, and 265 people were injured. A three-day period of mourning was declared across Azerbaijan.
1998 - Esenboğa Airport hosted 13 presidents on the same day for the first time in its history. The foreign presidents arrived in Ankara for the 75th-anniversary celebrations of the Republic.
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1943 - Philadelphia Experiment: It was alleged that the American Navy conducted an experiment at the port of the city of Philadelphia in the state of Pennsylvania.
1948 - Swiss chemist Paul Hermann Müller was awarded the Nobel Prize in Chemistry for his discovery of the insecticidal properties of DDT.
1960 - Istanbul University Rector Sıddık Sami Onar and Istanbul Technical University Rector Fikret Narter resigned from their posts in protest of the National Unity Committee's dismissal of 147 faculty members.
1961 - The Maksim Casino, which hosted many artists such as Zeki Müren, Behiye Aksoy, Gönül Yazar, and Seçil Heper on its stage for years, opened.
1962 - Cuban Missile Crisis: Soviet leader Nikita Khrushchev announced that they would dismantle the missile bases in Cuba.
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2009 - A bomb placed in a vehicle exploded in a marketplace in Peshawar, Pakistan; 105 people died and more than 200 were injured.
2010 - The foundation of the Gebze-Izmir Motorway Project was laid.
2012 - A 7.7 magnitude earthquake occurred in the Canadian province of British Columbia.
2020 - The Mecidiyeköy-Mahmutbey section, the first stage of the M7 Kabataş-Mecidiyeköy-Mahmutbey-Esenyurt Square metro line, which is Turkey's second driverless metro line, was opened to service.
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1981 - The heavy metal band Metallica was formed in San Francisco.
1982 - Socialists led by Felipe González won a major victory in the Spanish elections.
1984 - The Communist Party of China announced that free enterprise and competition would be permitted to improve the economic situation.
1986 - The results of the 23rd Golden Orange Film Festival were announced. The Golden Orange was won by "Aaah Belinda," directed by Atıf Yılmaz.
1991 - The Islamic Jihad organization carried out two bomb attacks in Ankara; one American officer died, and an Egyptian diplomat was injured.
1993 - 57 of the armed militants who attacked the Üzümlü Gendarmerie border company in Hakkâri were killed. 10 privates died in the clash.
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1918 - Czechoslovakia gained its independence from the Austro-Hungarian Empire.
1918 - World War I: The Syrian-Palestinian Front, fought between the Ottoman Empire and the British Empire, ended in a decisive British Empire victory.
1923 - Mustafa Kemal Pasha said at a dinner he gave at the Çankaya Mansion, "We will declare the Republic tomorrow."
1927 - The first census was conducted in Turkey.
1937 - Prime Minister İsmet İnönü inaugurated the parachute tower in Ankara.
1938 - Ankara Radio began service.
1940 - World War II: Italy invaded Greece via Albania.
1941 - In Lithuania, German SS units shot more than 9,000 Jews in the square of the city of Kaunas.
News Source : 12punto
