What happened on this day in history? What events took place in Turkey and the world on October 9?

Events on October 9

1238 - James I captured Valencia and established the Kingdom of Valencia.

1264 - The Kingdom of Castile captured Jerez de la Frontera, which had been under Andalusian Muslim rule since 711.

1446 - The Hangul alphabet was published in Korea.

1514 - King Louis XII of France married Mary Tudor.

1558 - The city of Mérida was founded in Venezuela.

1829 - Friedrich Parrot and his team successfully climbed to the summit of Mount Ararat for the first time.

1854 - The Siege of Sevastopol began during the Crimean War.

1888 - The Washington Monument was officially opened.

914 - Antwerp (Belgium) fell to German forces during World War I.

1936 - Electricity began to be supplied from the Hoover Dam to Los Angeles (California), 266 miles away.

1944 - Prime Minister of the Republic of Turkey Şükrü Saracoğlu laid the foundation of Anıtkabir with an official ceremony.

1944 - The United Kingdom, China, the USA, and the Soviet Union announced that the United Nations (UN) would be established.

1953 - American female swimmer Florence Chadwick swam the distance between Nara Point and Eceabat in the Dardanelles in 1 hour and 50 minutes.

1957 - Tibet was annexed by China.

1962 - Uganda declared its independence from Great Britain.

1967 - Ernesto Che Guevara was executed in Bolivia one day after being captured.

1970 - The Khmer Republic was proclaimed following a right-wing coup in Cambodia.

1971 - Deniz Gezmiş and 17 of his friends were sentenced to death.

1981 - The death penalty was abolished in France.

1997 - Italian playwright Dario Fo received the Nobel Prize in Literature.

2004 - The first democratic elections were held in Afghanistan.

2005 - The use of tobacco products was completely banned on United Kingdom railways.

2005 - China officially announced that the height of Mount Everest is 8,848.43 meters.

2006 - Google announced that it had acquired YouTube for 1.65 billion dollars.

2006 - South Korean Foreign Minister Ban Ki-moon was elected as the Secretary-General of the United Nations, to take office on January 1, 2007, succeeding Ghana's Kofi Annan.

2006 - North Korea announced that it had conducted a nuclear test.

2007 - Albert Fert (French) and Peter Grünberg (German) were awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics for their work on "Giant Magnetoresistance" (GMR).

2008 - The Nobel Prize in Literature was won by the Frenchman Jean-Marie Gustave Le Clézio.